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Parathyroid glands and bone loss

In order to regulate calcium balance in vitamin D deficiency, the parathyroid glands secrete excessisve amount of hormones, and thus the levels of calcium elevate and the parathyroid glands enlarge. There is no need for surgery in such a condition, but it is necessary to diagnose the disease by evaluating very well.


In this case, the levels of serum calcium and parathormone elevate.  However, when the patient are treated with Vitamin D, the levels of calcium and parathormone reduce.  Thus, hypercalcemia caused by osteoporosis becomes prominent and surgery is not needed.  It is very important to be able to make this differentiation and the evaluation of Endocrinologists is necessary.


Enlarged parathyroid glands may be due to the adenoma.  PTH is screted from adenoma and causes elevated levels of calcium (hypercalcaemia).  For the purpose of lowering calcium level, calcium release increases, in other words calcium removed by urination increases.  At the same time, calcium is also removed from the bones.  This results in bone loss.